A standing arrangement between an agency and a contractor that spells out the terms, clauses, and pricing method for orders that may come later. Signing one costs nothing and promises nothing: there is no ceiling, no guaranteed minimum, and no obligation on either side until an actual order is issued. Military installations often sign the same agreement with a group of general contractors, then compete each repair or construction project only among that group. You will see those projects posted on SAM.gov marked "BOA holders only," which means a firm without the agreement cannot bid, no matter how qualified it is.
Getting on one is a separate step from bidding work. The buying office posts a solicitation for the agreement itself, often once a year, and firms that submit an acceptable package are added to the holder pool. If you miss that window, the only way onto the base's projects is as a subcontractor to a current holder.
In a sentence
"This order proposal request is only available to current MAC BOA holders." The project is real, but the competition is closed to anyone who did not already sign the agreement.